Integrand size = 20, antiderivative size = 183 \[ \int \left (1+x^2\right )^3 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4} \, dx=\frac {26 x \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}}{45 \left (1+x^2\right )}+\frac {2}{45} x \left (7+6 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}+\frac {1}{3} x \left (1+x^2+x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {1}{9} x^3 \left (1+x^2+x^4\right )^{3/2}-\frac {26 \left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1+x^2+x^4}{\left (1+x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \arctan (x)\left |\frac {1}{4}\right .\right )}{45 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}}+\frac {7 \left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1+x^2+x^4}{\left (1+x^2\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan (x),\frac {1}{4}\right )}{15 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}} \]
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Time = 0.06 (sec) , antiderivative size = 183, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 6, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.300, Rules used = {1220, 1693, 1190, 1211, 1117, 1209} \[ \int \left (1+x^2\right )^3 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4} \, dx=\frac {7 \left (x^2+1\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x^4+x^2+1}{\left (x^2+1\right )^2}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (2 \arctan (x),\frac {1}{4}\right )}{15 \sqrt {x^4+x^2+1}}-\frac {26 \left (x^2+1\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x^4+x^2+1}{\left (x^2+1\right )^2}} E\left (2 \arctan (x)\left |\frac {1}{4}\right .\right )}{45 \sqrt {x^4+x^2+1}}+\frac {1}{3} \left (x^4+x^2+1\right )^{3/2} x+\frac {2}{45} \left (6 x^2+7\right ) \sqrt {x^4+x^2+1} x+\frac {26 \sqrt {x^4+x^2+1} x}{45 \left (x^2+1\right )}+\frac {1}{9} \left (x^4+x^2+1\right )^{3/2} x^3 \]
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Rule 1117
Rule 1190
Rule 1209
Rule 1211
Rule 1220
Rule 1693
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {1}{9} x^3 \left (1+x^2+x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {1}{9} \int \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4} \left (9+24 x^2+21 x^4\right ) \, dx \\ & = \frac {1}{3} x \left (1+x^2+x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {1}{9} x^3 \left (1+x^2+x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {1}{63} \int \left (42+84 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4} \, dx \\ & = \frac {2}{45} x \left (7+6 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}+\frac {1}{3} x \left (1+x^2+x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {1}{9} x^3 \left (1+x^2+x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {1}{945} \int \frac {336+546 x^2}{\sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}} \, dx \\ & = \frac {2}{45} x \left (7+6 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}+\frac {1}{3} x \left (1+x^2+x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {1}{9} x^3 \left (1+x^2+x^4\right )^{3/2}-\frac {26}{45} \int \frac {1-x^2}{\sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}} \, dx+\frac {14}{15} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}} \, dx \\ & = \frac {26 x \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}}{45 \left (1+x^2\right )}+\frac {2}{45} x \left (7+6 x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}+\frac {1}{3} x \left (1+x^2+x^4\right )^{3/2}+\frac {1}{9} x^3 \left (1+x^2+x^4\right )^{3/2}-\frac {26 \left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1+x^2+x^4}{\left (1+x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}(x)|\frac {1}{4}\right )}{45 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}}+\frac {7 \left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1+x^2+x^4}{\left (1+x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}(x)|\frac {1}{4}\right )}{15 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}} \\ \end{align*}
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 5.05 (sec) , antiderivative size = 169, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.92 \[ \int \left (1+x^2\right )^3 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4} \, dx=\frac {x \left (29+61 x^2+81 x^4+57 x^6+25 x^8+5 x^{10}\right )+26 \sqrt [3]{-1} \sqrt {1+\sqrt [3]{-1} x^2} \sqrt {1-(-1)^{2/3} x^2} E\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left ((-1)^{5/6} x\right )|(-1)^{2/3}\right )+2 (-1)^{5/6} \left (9 i+4 \sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt {1+\sqrt [3]{-1} x^2} \sqrt {1-(-1)^{2/3} x^2} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (i \text {arcsinh}\left ((-1)^{5/6} x\right ),(-1)^{2/3}\right )}{45 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4}} \]
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Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 2.02 (sec) , antiderivative size = 235, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.28
method | result | size |
risch | \(\frac {x \left (5 x^{6}+20 x^{4}+32 x^{2}+29\right ) \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}{45}+\frac {32 \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}\right )}{45 \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}-\frac {104 \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, \left (F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}\right )-E\left (\frac {x \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}\right )\right )}{45 \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}\, \left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right )}\) | \(235\) |
default | \(\frac {29 x \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}{45}+\frac {32 \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}\right )}{45 \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}-\frac {104 \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, \left (F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}\right )-E\left (\frac {x \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}\right )\right )}{45 \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}\, \left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right )}+\frac {x^{7} \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}{9}+\frac {4 x^{5} \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}{9}+\frac {32 x^{3} \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}{45}\) | \(263\) |
elliptic | \(\frac {29 x \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}{45}+\frac {32 \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}\right )}{45 \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}-\frac {104 \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, \sqrt {1-\left (-\frac {1}{2}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{2}\right ) x^{2}}\, \left (F\left (\frac {x \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}\right )-E\left (\frac {x \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}}{2}\right )\right )}{45 \sqrt {-2+2 i \sqrt {3}}\, \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}\, \left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right )}+\frac {x^{7} \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}{9}+\frac {4 x^{5} \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}{9}+\frac {32 x^{3} \sqrt {x^{4}+x^{2}+1}}{45}\) | \(263\) |
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Time = 0.08 (sec) , antiderivative size = 131, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.72 \[ \int \left (1+x^2\right )^3 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4} \, dx=\frac {13 \, \sqrt {2} {\left (\sqrt {-3} x - x\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {-3} - 1} E(\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {-3} - 1}}{2 \, x}\right )\,|\,\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {-3} - \frac {1}{2}) - \sqrt {2} {\left (5 \, \sqrt {-3} x - 21 \, x\right )} \sqrt {\sqrt {-3} - 1} F(\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\sqrt {-3} - 1}}{2 \, x}\right )\,|\,\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {-3} - \frac {1}{2}) + 2 \, {\left (5 \, x^{8} + 20 \, x^{6} + 32 \, x^{4} + 29 \, x^{2} + 26\right )} \sqrt {x^{4} + x^{2} + 1}}{90 \, x} \]
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\[ \int \left (1+x^2\right )^3 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4} \, dx=\int \sqrt {\left (x^{2} - x + 1\right ) \left (x^{2} + x + 1\right )} \left (x^{2} + 1\right )^{3}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \left (1+x^2\right )^3 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4} \, dx=\int { \sqrt {x^{4} + x^{2} + 1} {\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}^{3} \,d x } \]
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\[ \int \left (1+x^2\right )^3 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4} \, dx=\int { \sqrt {x^{4} + x^{2} + 1} {\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}^{3} \,d x } \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \left (1+x^2\right )^3 \sqrt {1+x^2+x^4} \, dx=\int {\left (x^2+1\right )}^3\,\sqrt {x^4+x^2+1} \,d x \]
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